- 10 HOUSEHOLD PLANTS THAT ARE DANGEROUS TO DOGS AND CATS – Canine - Over 700 indoor/outdoor plants contain toxic substances that may harm dogs and cats. If these plants are ingested, signs of poisoning can be mild to severe, sometimes even causing death. Most houseplants have multiple names, so it is important to confirm that the houseplants you currently own or may purchase are not toxic to your […]
- 10 WAYS TO HELP AN ARTHRITIC DOG – Canine - Bring your dog in for regular checkups so that your veterinarian can monitor your dog’s arthritis and make necessary adjustments to the treatment plan. Getting or keeping your dog slim can help by decreasing the load on his or her joints. Feeding your dog the right amount of high-quality food should help with weight control. […]
- A PET OWNER’S GUIDE TO FLEA CONTROL – Canine - Adult fleas are only part of the problem. Immature fleas (eggs and larvae) contribute to flea infestation, too. Your pet does not have to go outside to get fleas. Your veterinarian is a reliable source of information on safe and effective flea control products for your pet and home. What Are Fleas? Fleas are blood-feeding […]
- ACTH STIMULATION TEST – Canine - ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) is a hormone produced by the brain that stimulates the adrenal glands to release cortisol and other hormones. Two medical conditions, Cushing’s disease and Addison’s disease, occur when the body’s regulation of adrenal gland hormones is altered. The ACTH stimulation test can help your veterinarian diagnose Cushing’s disease or Addison’s disease. What […]
- ABDOMINAL RADIOGRAPHY – Canine - Abdominal radiography is painless, very safe, and noninvasive, and it can sometimes be performed during an outpatient visit while you wait. Abdominal radiography is useful for evaluating the size, shape, and position of abdominal organs. Sedation is sometimes recommended for patients undergoing radiography. Radiography can help your veterinarian diagnose numerous medical conditions involving the intestines, […]
- ACETAMINOPHEN TOXICITY – Canine - Acetaminophen can be toxic to dogs and cats, but cats are 7 to 10 times more susceptible to acetaminophen toxicity than dogs are. Once swallowed, acetaminophen reaches the blood stream within 30 minutes; toxic effects are rapid and damage the liver and red blood cells. Never give a medication intended for people to your pet […]
- ADDISON’S DISEASE – Canine - Addison’s disease occurs when the body cannot produce adequate amounts of certain hormones, including a hormone called cortisol. Addison’s disease tends to affect young to middle-aged dogs, and females are more commonly affected than males. It is rare in cats. Diagnosis can be complicated, but most dogs respond well to appropriate treatment and can live normal […]
- ADMINISTERING INJECTABLE MEDICATION TO YOUR DOG – Canine - Most injectable medications given at home are administered by injection directly under the skin (known as subcutaneous injection). Do not risk being bitten or otherwise injured trying to medicate your pet. If you are unable to administer medication, your veterinarian may be able to offer other options. Your veterinary health care team will work with you […]
- ADMINISTERING MEDICATIONS TO YOUR DOG – Canine - Before you leave your veterinarian’s office with a new medication, be sure to address any concerns or questions with your veterinary team. It is very important to follow all label directions carefully. Do not risk being bitten or otherwise injured while trying to medicate your pet. If you are unable to administer medication, your veterinarian […]
- ADMINISTERING SUBCUTANEOUS FLUIDS TO YOUR DOG – Canine - The procedure of injecting a sterile fluid solution directly under the skin is referred to as subcutaneous fluid administration. The advantages of the subcutaneous fluid route include a lower cost (compared with the intravenous route) and ease of administration. Your veterinary health team will work with you to make sure you know how to give subcutaneous […]
- ADOPTING INSTEAD OF BUYING A PET – Canine - While estimates vary, approximately three to four million dogs and cats are euthanized (“put to sleep”) each year in the United States because too few people spay or neuter the pets they have, too few adopt their new pets, and too many give up their pets. By adopting a pet from an animal shelter or […]
- AGGRESSION IN DOGS – Canine - If your dog has become aggressive, consult your veterinarian to rule out a medical cause. Understanding the various types of aggression in dogs can help you determine why your dog might be aggressive. Do not use physical punishment on your dog. Hitting your dog could cause him or her to become afraid or more aggressive. […]
- AGILITY TRAINING FOR DOGS – Canine - Dog agility training is a great form of exercise for dogs and handlers, can harness a dog’s energy and boost his or her confidence, and can help improve the human–animal bond. Always put your dog’s health and safety first during exercise. Your veterinarian can help you determine whether your dog is a good candidate for […]
- ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE LEVEL – Canine - Although alkaline phosphatase is considered a “liver enzyme,” it is produced by other cells, too. Alkaline phosphatase levels can be affected by many things, including certain medications and a variety of illnesses. If your pet’s alkaline phosphatase level is abnormal, additional tests may be recommended to determine the cause. What Is Alkaline Phosphatase? Alkaline phosphatase […]
- ALLERGY TESTING – Canine - Allergy testing is most commonly performed to determine if a pet has atopy, also known as atopic dermatitis or allergic inhalant dermatitis. Allergy tests can help identify the specific allergens causing a pet’s allergy problem. Once a list of “problem” allergens is identified, a specialized serum containing small quantities of these allergens can be formulated specifically for your […]
- ALOPECIA – Canine - Alopecia (hair loss) can occur when hair fails to grow at a normal rate or when hair is lost more quickly than it can grow back. Alopecia can result from a variety of medical conditions, including skin infections, hormonal diseases, and infestations with fleas or mites. Many causes of alopecia are treatable. If the hair […]
- ANAL SAC DISEASE – Canine - All dogs and cats have two anal glands located beside their anus. These glands are often called anal sacs. Most animals express their anal sacs when they defecate. Some animals experience a build up of fluid in their anal sacs, which can lead to discomfort and itching. Anal sacs can become infected or abscessed (pus-filled and […]
- ANEMIA IN DOGS – Canine - Anemia in dogs has many possible causes, and it can range in severity from mild to severe. Severe anemia is life threatening and requires immediate veterinary care. Anemia results from a loss or destruction of red blood cells or from a failure of the body to produce enough red blood cells. Red blood cells carry […]
- ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY FOR EAR INFECTIONS – Canine - Any pet can develop an ear infection; underlying allergies or other illnesses are often the cause. Bacterial infection generally occurs secondary to the inflammation and unhealthy environment in the ear. A typical course of antibiotics can be as brief as 5 to 7 days, or as long as several months. It is best to give […]
- ANTIFREEZETOXICOSIS – Canine - Antifreeze poisoning occurs when pets drink antifreeze containing ethylene glycol. The liver quickly breaks down ethylene glycol into toxic products that can lead to kidney failure and death. Even a small amount of antifreeze can be fatal to dogs and cats. Antifreeze poisoning is a medical emergency, and early treatment is crucial. Signs include: staggering, […]
- ASPIRIN TOXICOSIS – Canine - High doses of aspirin can be poisonous (toxic) to dogs and cats; cats are more susceptible to aspirin toxicosis than dogs are. Toxic effects can occur within hours of the pet swallowing aspirin or may take a few days. Never administer a medication intended for humans to your pet unless instructed to do so by […]
- ATOPY – Canine - Atopy is a common cause of skin problems in dogs, but it is less common in cats. Atopy usually develops in animals younger than 3 years, but older pets can also be affected. Depending on the underlying cause, clinical signs may occur seasonally or year-round. Atopy may respond to medical management, but long-term treatment is […]
- AVOIDING INJURY: TIPS FOR INTERPRETING SIGNS OF AGGRESSION IN DOGS – Canine - Occasionally dogs will become fractious during handling; however, steps can be taken to minimize this potential problem. Minimizing dogs’ exposure to sudden changes in the environment and acclimating them slowly to changes is important. Proper restraint of your dog is crucial to avoid injury when handling dogs. Wear protective clothing such as sturdy shoes. Always […]
- BUN – Canine - The liver and kidneys are both involved in maintaining the body’s BUN (blood urea nitrogen) level. The BUN level can be affected by many things, including certain medications and various illnesses. If your pet’s BUN level is abnormal, additional tests may be recommended to determine the cause. What Is BUN? BUN stands for blood urea nitrogen. The […]
- BUN AND CREATININE LEVELS – Canine - Taken together, the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels can provide useful information about kidney function. The BUN and creatinine levels can be affected by many things, including certain medications and various illnesses. If your pet’s BUN or creatinine level is abnormal, additional tests may be recommended to determine the cause. What Are BUN […]
- BARKING – Canine - Before attempting to resolve your dog’s barking problem, have your veterinarian examine your dog to rule out medical causes. Determine why your dog is barking before attempting to address a barking problem. It takes time to teach a dog to bark less, so don’t expect a quick fix or that your dog will stop barking […]
- BATHING YOUR DOG – Canine - Regular bathing can help keep your dog’s skin and haircoat healthy. Medicated shampoo may be prescribed by your veterinarian. Try to make bathing a pleasant experience for your dog. Good Reasons to Bathe Your Dog Regular bathing can help keep your dog’s skin and haircoat healthy, and if you can teach your dog to enjoy […]
- BEE STINGS IN DOGS – Canine - Just like in people, a bee sting can be serious; dogs are more likely to be stung because of their natural curiosity and playful nature. If a dog is stung by a bee or shows signs of a bee sting, remove the stinger if possible and seek professional help from your veterinarian. Bee stings can […]
- BIOPSY – Canine - A biopsy allows your veterinarian to determine the types of cells in a tissue sample. Biopsies are commonly used to determine if growths are cancerous but can also help determine the severity of a disease. The tissue removed during a biopsy is examined under a microscope by a veterinary pathologist, a specialist in examining cells […]
- BLADDER STONES AND KIDNEY STONES – Canine - BLADDER STONES AND KIDNEY STONES Urinary stones are made of minerals and can form anywhere in the urinary tract of dogs and cats. These stones can irritate the bladder lining and obstruct urine flow from the kidney to the bladder or from the bladder out of the body. Signs may include more frequent urination, blood […]
- BLOOD PRESSURE TEST – Canine - An (indirect) blood pressure test measures the pressure of blood against the walls of large arteries. It is a noninvasive, painless procedure that can be performed on an outpatient basis. Your veterinarian may recommend a blood pressure test if your pet shows signs of high blood pressure or has been diagnosed with a disease associated […]
- BORDETELLA BRONCHISEPTICA – Canine - Bordetella bronchiseptica is a bacterium associated with a highly contagious respiratory disease in dogs. It is one of the leading bacterial causes of “kennel cough” in dogs. The disease is spread through direct contact and airborne transmission. Signs of infection are typically mild, requiring little treatment other than supportive care. However, in certain situations, kennel cough […]
- BREAST CANCER IN DOGS AND CATS – Canine - Breast cancer is the uncontrolled growth of abnormal mammary gland (breast) cells. Tumors occur most frequently in older, female pets that have not been spayed. Most (80% to 90%) mammary tumors in cats are malignant (cancerous), while 50% of mammary masses in dogs are malignant. While the cause of breast cancer is unknown, hormones are […]
- BREEDING YOUR DOG – Canine - There are currently more dogs in the United States than there are homes for them. As a result, millions of dogs are surrendered to shelters and euthanized each year. Breeding should only be done to improve the breed, which requires a strong knowledge of the pedigrees and health histories of both the female and male […]
- BRINGING A NEW KITTEN HOME – Canine - Your kitten must receive veterinary care before being introduced to other cats. Your kitten must be vaccinated against various diseases on a schedule, beginning at 2 to 3 months of age. Your kitten should be spayed or neutered by 6 months of age. Proper nutrition is especially important for kittens, which need two to three […]
- BRUSHING YOUR DOG’S TEETH – Canine - Periodontal disease can lead to tooth loss and affects most dogs before they are 3 years old. Bacteria from periodontal disease can spread to affect other organs and cause illness. Before you start brushing your dog’s teeth, have them checked by your veterinarian. Make toothbrushing enjoyable for your dog by rewarding him or her immediately […]
- CBC AND CHEMISTRY PROFILE – Canine - A CBC (complete blood count) and chemistry profile is an important component of wellness blood work that your veterinarian may want to perform during your pet’s regular checkups. A CBC and chemistry profile can help determine the state of your pet’s health and diagnose illness or injury. Minimal risk is associated with performing a CBC […]
- CALCIUM LEVEL – Canine - The body’s normal calcium level is maintained through a very complex interaction involving many of the body’s organs. Calcium level can be affected by many things, including certain medications and a variety of illnesses. If the calcium level is dangerously low or high, hospitalization may be recommended while the problem is being corrected. If your […]
- CANINE ADENOVIRUS TYPE 2 – Canine - Canine adenovirus type 2 (CAV-2) causes respiratory disease and is one of the infectious agents commonly associated with “kennel cough” in dogs. Dogs with CAV-2 typically exhibit a dry, hacking cough and retching. Treatment is typically limited to supportive care and administration of antibiotics to prevent secondary infection. A vaccine is available to help prevent […]
- CANINE ANESTHESIA – Canine - Anesthesia is useful for many things, including performing surgery or biopsy procedures, taking x-rays, and performing dental procedures. Your veterinarian may select local anesthesia, injectable general anesthesia, or inhaled general anesthesia to keep your pet pain-free during surgical or diagnostic procedures. Your veterinarian is extensively trained in performing anesthesia and will take every possible precaution […]
- CANINE ARTHRITIS – Canine - Osteoarthritis affects one of every five dogs. Thinning of joint cartilage can lead to a vicious cycle of joint deterioration, reduced mobility, and pain. Supportive care is important, and treatment may include pain medication, NSAIDs, corticosteroids,supplements, massage, acupuncture, warm compresses, and/or surgery. Regular, moderate exercise may help delay canine arthritis. What Is It? Arthritis is […]
- CANINE BLADDER INFECTIONS – Canine - A bladder infection occurs when microbes (usually bacteria) get into the bladder and proliferate. Bladder infections are more common in females than in males; however, any dog can have a bladder infection. Frequent squatting or straining without producing much urine is the most common sign of bladder infection. Treatment for the infection includes a course […]
- CANINE CHRONIC OTITIS – Canine - Canine chronic otitis involves inflammation and possibly infection in one or both ears. If left untreated, scar tissue will form and further damage to structures of the ear may result in deafness. Inflammation often leads to an ear infection. Otitis is a painful condition; signs of otitis include a red ear (or ears), head shaking, […]
- CANINE CLOTHING – Canine - Outerwear can help short-haired dogs stay comfortable longer in the cold. Don’t force your dog to wear something if he or she protests. If your dog seems to be reacting poorly to cold temperatures (such as prolonged shivering), contact your veterinarian right away. The Basics In cold weather, some dogs may be more comfortable in […]
- CANINE CORONAVIRUS INFECTION – Canine - Canine coronavirus infection is a highly contagious disease. In dogs, the virus typically attacks the intestinal tract; clinical signs include diarrhea and vomiting. The disease is typically mild and self-limiting (resolving without treatment). A vaccine is available. What Is Canine Coronavirus? Coronavirus infection is a highly contagious infection of puppies and older dogs that primarily […]
- CANINE DIABETES MELLITUS – Canine - Most diabetic dogs have diabetes mellitus type 1, meaning the body fails to make enough insulin to serve its needs. After treatment for diabetes begins, periodic blood and urine tests may be recommended to help ensure that the insulin dosage is right for your dog. Many dogs live active, happy lives once their diabetes is […]
- CANINE DISTEMPER – Canine - Canine distemper is a serious, contagious disease with a death rate that can reach 50%. Canine distemper attacks the respiratory, stomach/intestinal, and brain/nervous systems of dogs. Canine distemper is spread through contact with body fluids such as saliva and respiratory droplets. There is no effective treatment for canine distemper; however, supportive care can be given, […]
- CANINE HEARTWORM TESTING – Canine - Heartworm testing is performed to determine if a pet is infected with heartworms (Dirofilaria immitis). Many veterinarians use a popular test called a “SNAP” test, which can be run in just a few minutes at your veterinarian’s office. Sometimes, additional testing is performed to gain more information about the extent of heartworm infection for a […]
- CANINE HIP DYSPLASIA – Canine - Canine hip dysplasia is a painful disease that can lead to debilitating arthritis. It affects the “ball and socket” joint of the hip. Canine hip dysplasia is a hereditary problem that can be influenced by lifestyle factors. Certain breeds are predisposed. Hip dysplasia can sometimes be treated medically, but surgery is often required. Early recognition […]
- CANINE INFLUENZA – Canine - Virtually all dogs exposed to canine influenza virus (CIV) become infected. As with human influenza, frequent hand washing and disinfection may help prevent the spread of CIV. If your dog has signs of a respiratory infection (sneezing, coughing, nasal discharge, fever), call your veterinarian. Ask your veterinarian whether your dog should be vaccinated against canine […]
- CANINE NUTRITION – Canine - A proper diet is necessary to ensure the health and longevity of your dog. Dogs are omnivores, meaning that they can eat meat and plants as their primary food sources. Look for a statement on the food’s label that says the food underwent AAFCO (Association of American Feed Control Officials) feeding trials. If you prefer […]
- CANINE OBESITY – Canine - Obesity (the storage of excess fat) is usually caused by excessive food intake and insufficient exercise. According to estimates, 40% to 50% of dogs are overweight and 25% of dogs are obese. By examining your dog, your veterinarian can determine whether he or she is overweight or obese and help you create a weight-loss program. […]
- CANINE PANCREATITIS – Canine - Pancreatitis is an inflammation of the pancreas, an organ in the abdomen that helps the body digest food. Acute pancreatitis can occur after a dog eats fatty food such as pork, beef, and some other human foods; dogs that get into garbage can develop pancreatitis. Treatment for pancreatitis is aimed at supporting the patient and […]
- CANINE PARVOVIRUS – Canine - Canine parvovirusis a highly contagious, serious disease with a mortality (death) rate of over 90% in untreated dogs. Canine parvovirus attacks the gastrointestinal tract and immune system of puppies and dogs. Canine parvovirus is spread by direct contact with other dogs or infected materials, such as feces, soil, and food dishes. There is no effective […]
- CANINE SENIOR WELLNESS – Canine - As dogs grow older, their bodies become less able to cope with physical or environmental stress. Dogs are very good at hiding signs of illness, so health problems may seem to appear quickly. Most experts agree that healthy senior dogs should see their veterinarians every 6 months. When Is a Dog “Senior”? With many dogs […]
- CANINE URINE MARKING – Canine - Urine marking is a natural, instinctive behavior in dogs, but it becomes inappropriate when dogs urinate in the house to identify their territory. Urine marking is most common with sexually intact male dogs, but intact female dogs and neutered dogs may also mark. Underlying medical reasons for inappropriate urination, such as urinary tract infections, should […]
- CANINE VACCINE RECOMMENDATIONS – Canine - Vaccines are an important weapon against infectious diseases. Over the years, the widespread use of vaccines has saved the lives of millions of dogs. Vaccines are safe and generally well tolerated by most dogs. Vaccine selection and scheduling should be an individualized choice that you and your veterinarian make together. Companion animals today have the […]
- CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS IN DOGS – Canine - An arrhythmia is an irregularity in the rate and/or pattern of the heartbeat. Dogs of any age or sex may experience arrhythmias. Rhythm disturbances may be caused by many factors, including diseases, drug reactions, and underlying heart conditions. Signs may include weakness, difficulty breathing, coughing, difficulty exercising, and fainting episodes. Diagnosis may require an electrocardiogram […]
- CARDIAC EXAM – Canine - A cardiac exam evaluates the function of the cardiovascular system. The exam is performed by your veterinarian to determine the health of your pet’s heart. The exam is especially important for older animals, pets with a history of heart problems, or breeds that are at increased risk for developing heart problems. Early diagnosis and treatment […]
- CARING FOR ORPHANED PUPPIES – Canine - Orphaned puppies should be taken to a veterinarian immediately. Your veterinarian can give you advice on caring for puppies and might be able to provide you with contact information for animal rescue groups. During the first few weeks of life, puppies have specific needs for nourishment, warmth, socialization, and excretion. Female puppies should be spayed […]
- CANINE ARTHRITIS – Canine - Osteoarthritis affects one of every five dogs. Thinning of joint cartilage can lead to a vicious cycle of joint deterioration, reduced mobility, and pain. Supportive care is important, and treatment may include pain medication, NSAIDs, corticosteroids,supplements, massage, acupuncture, warm compresses, and/or surgery. Regular, moderate exercise may help delay canine arthritis. What Is It? Arthritis is […]
- CANINE BLADDER INFECTIONS – Canine - A bladder infection occurs when microbes (usually bacteria) get into the bladder and proliferate. Bladder infections are more common in females than in males; however, any dog can have a bladder infection. Frequent squatting or straining without producing much urine is the most common sign of bladder infection. Treatment for the infection includes a course […]
- CANINE CHRONIC OTITIS – Canine - Canine chronic otitis involves inflammation and possibly infection in one or both ears. If left untreated, scar tissue will form and further damage to structures of the ear may result in deafness. Inflammation often leads to an ear infection. Otitis is a painful condition; signs of otitis include a red ear (or ears), head shaking, […]
- CANINE CLOTHING – Canine - Outerwear can help short-haired dogs stay comfortable longer in the cold. Don’t force your dog to wear something if he or she protests. If your dog seems to be reacting poorly to cold temperatures (such as prolonged shivering), contact your veterinarian right away. The Basics In cold weather, some dogs may be more comfortable in […]
- CANINE CORONAVIRUS INFECTION – Canine - Canine coronavirus infection is a highly contagious disease. In dogs, the virus typically attacks the intestinal tract; clinical signs include diarrhea and vomiting. The disease is typically mild and self-limiting (resolving without treatment). A vaccine is available. What Is Canine Coronavirus? Coronavirus infection is a highly contagious infection of puppies and older dogs that primarily […]
- CANINE DIABETES MELLITUS – Canine - Most diabetic dogs have diabetes mellitus type 1, meaning the body fails to make enough insulin to serve its needs. After treatment for diabetes begins, periodic blood and urine tests may be recommended to help ensure that the insulin dosage is right for your dog. Many dogs live active, happy lives once their diabetes is […]
- CANINE DISTEMPER – Canine - Canine distemper is a serious, contagious disease with a death rate that can reach 50%. Canine distemper attacks the respiratory, stomach/intestinal, and brain/nervous systems of dogs. Canine distemper is spread through contact with body fluids such as saliva and respiratory droplets. There is no effective treatment for canine distemper; however, supportive care can be given, […]
- CANINE HEARTWORM TESTING – Canine - Heartworm testing is performed to determine if a pet is infected with heartworms (Dirofilaria immitis). Many veterinarians use a popular test called a “SNAP” test, which can be run in just a few minutes at your veterinarian’s office. Sometimes, additional testing is performed to gain more information about the extent of heartworm infection for a […]
- CANINE HIP DYSPLASIA – Canine - Canine hip dysplasia is a painful disease that can lead to debilitating arthritis. It affects the “ball and socket” joint of the hip. Canine hip dysplasia is a hereditary problem that can be influenced by lifestyle factors. Certain breeds are predisposed. Hip dysplasia can sometimes be treated medically, but surgery is often required. Early recognition […]
- CANINE INFLUENZA – Canine - Virtually all dogs exposed to canine influenza virus (CIV) become infected. As with human influenza, frequent hand washing and disinfection may help prevent the spread of CIV. If your dog has signs of a respiratory infection (sneezing, coughing, nasal discharge, fever), call your veterinarian. Ask your veterinarian whether your dog should be vaccinated against canine […]
- CARING FOR YOUR NEW PUPPY – Canine - Puppies should be fed a name-brand puppy food with the American Association of Feed Control Officials (AAFCO) statement on the bag or label. Puppy food should be fed until adulthood, which begins at 9 to 12 months of age for most dogs and 2 years of age for giant breeds. Female puppies should be spayed […]
- CHERRY EYE (PROLAPSED NICTITANS GLAND) – Canine - Cherry eye is a condition in which the tear-producing gland of the eye appears as a red, round mass on the inside corner of the pet’s eye. The condition usually occurs in young dogs and, rarely, in cats. Surgical correction is usually required to secure the gland in place behind the third eyelid. What Is […]
- CHEST RADIOGRAPHY – Canine - Chest radiography is painless, very safe, and noninvasive, and it can sometimes be performed during an outpatient visit while you wait. Chest radiography helps evaluate the size, shape, and position of the heart. Chest radiography helps evaluate the lungs for the presence of fluid or other abnormalities. Radiography can help your veterinarian diagnose numerous medical […]
- CHOCOLATE TOXICOSIS – Canine - Toxicosis is disease due to poisoning. Chocolate toxicosis is a common problem in dogs, but less common in cats. Depending on how much chocolate is ingested, the signs can range from a simple stomach upset to life-threatening problems. The toxic ingredients in chocolate include caffeine and a chemical called theobromine. Dark chocolate and baking chocolate are […]
- CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE – Canine - Kidney disease is a very general term used to describe several conditions that can affect the kidneys or damage kidney cells. Some types of kidney disease are reversible. Chronic kidney disease is a progressive disease that is not curable. Clinical signs associated with chronic kidney disease include increased drinking and urination, weight loss, and appetite loss. […]
- CHRONIC OTITIS - Chronic ear infections may involve bacterial or yeast overgrowth in the external, middle, or inner ear. Chronic infection can permanently damage the ear canal and cause pain, neurologic signs, and deafness. Ear infections are usually secondary to an underlying condition that allows for an unhealthy ear environment. Treatment is based on eliminating the bacteria or […]
- COCCIDIOSIS – Canine - Coccidiosis is an intestinal condition caused by a single-celled parasite. Dogs and cats swallow cysts containing the parasite from contaminated environments, usually during grooming. Signs of coccidiosis include watery diarrhea with blood or mucus, and possibly vomiting and lethargy (tiredness). Puppies and kittens are more severely affected than adult animals. People cannot be infected with […]
- COGNITIVE DYSFUNCTION – Canine - Cognitive dysfunction (CD) in dogs and cats can be compared with Alzheimer’s disease in humans, although the conditions are not identical. Before diagnosing CD, your veterinarian may recommend diagnostic testing to rule out other medical conditions that can cause similar clinical signs. Medications can help some pets with CD. There is a diet for dogs […]
- COLITIS – Canine - Colitis is a condition in which the colon, the last portion of the digestive tract, is inflamed. Dogs and cats may experience colitis for a few days or for many months. Signs of colitis include diarrhea with mucus and/or fresh blood, straining to defecate, and possibly vomiting. There are many causes of colitis, including stress, […]
- COMMON HOUSEHOLD POISONS – Canine - Many common food items or household products can sicken or even kill animals. Be aware of what substances may be toxic to your pet, and store and use them safely. If you think your pet has eaten something poisonous, call your veterinarian or a pet poison hotline immediately. The Basics Your home can hold a […]
- CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE IN DOGS – Canine - Congestive heart failure is a condition in which a dog’s heart cannot deliver sufficient blood to the body. Dilated cardiomyopathy (a weakening of the heart walls) is one of the more common causes of this condition in dogs. Signs include coughing, difficulty breathing, abdominal distention (a pot-bellied appearance), difficulty exercising, and fainting episodes. Diagnostics to […]
- CONJUNCTIVITIS – Canine - Conjunctivitis is inflammation of the conjunctiva (the tissues lining the inner eyelids and the white portion of the eye). Diagnosis is based on physical examination findings, but fluorescein staining and other tests may be recommended to determine the extent of the problem. Treatment usually involves applying medication to the eyes; follow-up examinations and diagnostic testing […]
- COPING WITH CANCER – Canine - Cancer is extremely common in pets. Cancer can be successfully managed in many cases. Most pets tolerate treatment extremely well. An accurate diagnosis and proper staging of a pet’s cancer are essential in order to pursue the best treatment and achieve the best possible outcome. Cancer treatment in pets is designed to provide the best […]
- COPING WITH THE LOSS OF A PET – Canine - Grief is a natural reaction to the loss of a pet. Everyone grieves differently. Pet-loss support resources exist and may be helpful for you. The Five Stages of Grief Grief is a natural reaction to the loss of a pet. Regardless of whether the pet is old or young, or whether the loss is expected […]
- CORNEAL ULCERATION – Canine - The cornea is the clear covering of cells on the front of the eye; it can become damaged if scratched or irritated. Corneal ulcers can be very painful and can cause eye redness, tearing, and squinting. Corneal ulceration is a common eye condition of dogs and cats. If corneal ulceration is not treated quickly and […]
- CRANIAL CRUCIATE LIGAMENT RUPTURE – Canine - Cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) rupture is one of the most common orthopedic problems in dogs. The CCL in dogs corresponds to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in humans. An injury to this ligament is debilitating and extremely painful. Dogs injure this ligament when the joint is hyperextended or rotated to an excessive degree. The injury […]
- CRATE TRAINING YOUR PUPPY – Canine - Crate training is a method of housebreaking puppies in which a crate (an indoor kennel) is used. The crate must be large enough to allow the puppy to lie down and turn around without allowing room to soil outside the bed. The crate should never be used as a form of punishment. Dogs that associate […]
- CREATININE LEVEL – Canine - The kidneys are largely responsible for maintaining the body’s creatinine level within a healthy range. The creatinine level can be affected by many things, including certain medications and various illnesses. If your pet’s creatinine level is abnormal, additional tests may be recommended to determine the cause. What Is Creatinine? Creatinine is a substance that the […]
- CUSHING’S DISEASE – Canine - Cushing’s disease occurs when the body produces excessive amounts of a hormone called cortisol. Cushing’s disease affects middle-aged and older dogs. It is rare in cats. Diagnosis can be difficult and may require several different types of tests. Surgery is an option for some dogs, but most dogs receive medication to control the condition. What Is […]
- DEMODECTIC MANGE – Canine - Demodectic mange is an inflammatory skin condition caused by microscopic mites of the genus Demodex. It is most common in young dogs and rare in cats. Signs include scaly patches of bare skin, which may or may not be itchy. Your veterinarian can diagnose the condition by taking a sample from your pet’s skin and examining […]
- DENTAL CARE – Canine - Without routine dental care, most dogs and cats develop periodontal (dental) disease by 3 years of age. Periodontal disease is the most common health problem in dogs and cats. Bad breath may be a sign of periodontal disease in your pet. Providing routine dental care for your pet can be easy and can benefit your […]
- DENTAL CLEANING – Canine - 85% of all pets have periodontal disease by the time they are 3 years of age. Dental disease can result in bad breath, painful chewing, and tooth loss. Bacteria under the gum can travel to the heart, kidneys, and liver. A professional dental cleaning is required to remove plaque and tartar from a pet’s teeth […]
- DENTAL EXAM – Canine - A dental exam is performed by your veterinarian to determine the overall dental health of your pet. A dental exam can help identify early signs of dental disease. Left untreated, periodontal disease can lead to kidney problems, heart disease, and other health issues. What Is a Dental Exam? The term dental disease in dogs and cats is […]
- DENTAL RADIOGRAPHY – Canine - Dental radiography is painless, very safe, and noninvasive. Dental radiography is useful for evaluating tooth roots and surrounding bone. Sedation or anesthesia is necessary so that your pet can be properly positioned for dental radiography. What Is Dental Radiography? A radiograph (sometimes called an x-ray) is a type of photograph that reveals the body’s bones and […]
- DESOXYCORTICOSTERONE PIVALATE (DOCP) FOR ADDISON’S DISEASE – Canine - Addison’s disease occurs when the body cannot produce adequate amounts of certain hormones, including a hormone called cortisol. Desoxycorticosterone pivalate (DOCP) is an injectable medication used to help manage Addison’s disease. Most pets with Addison’s disease respond well to appropriate treatment and can live normal life spans. What Is Addison’s Disease? Glucocorticoids (primarily cortisol) and mineralocorticoids are two important […]
- DEWCLAW REMOVAL – Canine - Dewclaw removal may be recommended if the dewclaw is deformed or if extra dewclaws are present. Dewclaw removal may also be recommended for hunting or working dogs or if there is a risk of trauma to the toe. Dewclaw removal is frequently performed when pets are very young (between 3 and 5 days old). Most […]
- DEWORMING AND PREVENTION OF GASTROINTESTINAL PARASITES IN DOGS AND CATS – Canine - Gastrointestinal parasites can cause serious illness in pets, and some parasites can infect humans. Deworming involves administering medication to treat and control gastrointestinal parasites. Your veterinarian can recommend the most appropriate deworming medications for your pet. Any new pet entering your home should be tested for parasites as soon as possible and treated if parasites […]
- DEXAMETHASONE SUPPRESSION TEST – Canine - A dexamethasone suppression test is used to help diagnose Cushing disease (a condition involving the adrenal glands) in dogs. Cushing disease affects the way the body produces the hormone cortisol, which has many functions in the body. Dexamethasone suppression testing can usually be performed at your veterinarian’s office and takes a few hours to complete. […]
- CUSHING’S DISEASE – Canine - Cushing’s disease occurs when the body produces excessive amounts of a hormone called cortisol. Cushing’s disease affects middle-aged and older dogs. It is rare in cats. Diagnosis can be difficult and may require several different types of tests. Surgery is an option for some dogs, but most dogs receive medication to control the condition. What Is […]
- DEMODECTIC MANGE – Canine - Demodectic mange is an inflammatory skin condition caused by microscopic mites of the genus Demodex. It is most common in young dogs and rare in cats. Signs include scaly patches of bare skin, which may or may not be itchy. Your veterinarian can diagnose the condition by taking a sample from your pet’s skin and examining […]
- DIABETES INSIPIDUS IN DOGS – Canine - Diabetes insipidus occurs when the body is unable to produce an adequate amount of the hormone vasopressin (also called anti-diuretic hormone [ADH]). Affected dogs drink excessively because they lose excessive amounts of fluid through urination. With treatment, dogs with diabetes insipidus can live a normal life span and enjoy a relatively normal life. What Is Diabetes Insipidus? […]
- DIARRHEA - Diarrhea is feces that is looser or more watery than normal. Pets with diarrhea may defecate more frequently than usual, have accidents in the house, and may have blood, mucus, or parasites in their feces. Puppies and kittens with diarrhea, as well as pets showing signs of vomiting and lethargy (tiredness), should be seen by […]
- DIGOXIN LEVEL TEST – Canine - Digoxin is a medication used to treat congestive heart failure and certain heart rhythm abnormalities in dogs and cats. A digoxin level test requires a blood sample from your dog or cat, and the test can be performed at the hospital on an outpatient basis. The test results help determine if the dose of digoxin […]
- DOG LICENSES – Canine - Most locations throughout the United States have state or local laws that require dog owners to license their dogs. Licensing your dog is usually as simple as filling out a form and paying a small fee. What is a dog license? A dog license is proof that you have registered your dog with your local […]
- DOG SUPPLIES – Canine - Every well-kept dog needs some basic supplies. Many kinds of supplies are available, so your choices will depend on your and your dog’s needs and preferences. Here are some basic guidelines regarding dog supplies. Food and Water Dishes Metal or ceramic dishes are best because plastic can cause a skin reaction in some dogs. Make […]
- EAR CLEANING – Canine - Ear cleaning can help treat or prevent ear problems. Follow your veterinarian’s recommendations closely. Always put health and safety first. If the procedure seems dangerous to you or very painful for your pet, stop and consult your veterinarian. The Basics Ear cleaning can help treat or prevent ear problems. Some pets are prone to ear […]
- EAR HEMATOMA – Canine - An ear hematoma is a pocket of blood that forms inside the exterior portion of the ear. Often, ear mites or an infection in the ear canal cause a pet to scratch or shake his or her head. If aggressive scratching or head shaking causes the blood vessels inside the ear to break, a hematoma […]
- EAR INFECTIONS AND YOUR PET – Canine - Any pet can develop an ear infection, regardless of ear shape, exposure to water (swimming), or the amount of hair inside the ear canal. Underlying allergies or other illnesses can cause ear infections to develop. Diagnosis is based on physical examination findings, but diagnostic testing may be recommended to investigate underlying factors contributing to the […]
- EAR MITES IN DOGS AND CATS – Canine - The scientific name for ear mites is Otodectes cynotis. Ear mites are contagious to other animals but not to humans. Ear mite infestation can cause secondary ear infections, but the mites and infections are both treatable with medication. What Are Ear Mites? Ear mites are small parasites that live on an animal’s body, particularly in the […]
- EHRLICHIA TESTING IN DOGS – Canine - Ehrlichiosis is a bacterial infection transmitted by ticks. Clinical signs of ehrlichiosis may include fever, swollen lymph nodes, painful joints, and lethargy (tiredness). Many veterinarians diagnose ehrlichiosis using a SNAP test. SNAP testing requires a very small blood sample and takes just a few minutes at your veterinarian’s office. Sometimes additional diagnostic testing is recommended. […]
- EHRLICHIOSIS – Canine - Ehrlichiosis is a bacterial infection transmitted by ticks. Clinical signs of ehrlichiosis may include fever, swollen lymph nodes, painful joints, and lethargy (tiredness). Ehrlichiosis can be fatal. What Is Ehrlichiosis? Ehrlichiosis is a disease caused by bacteria of the Ehrlichia family. There are several species of Ehrlichia bacteria, and some of them can affect humans. Ehrlichiosis (whether it occurs in […]
- ELBOW DYSPLASIA – Canine - Elbow dysplasia is a painful, debilitating, and typically inherited disease. The disease is a failure of the bones and cartilage in the elbow joint to grow and develop properly. The causes of elbow dysplasia can be multifactorial. Both elbow joints are typically affected although some dogs may experience it in just one. What Is Elbow […]
- ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY – Canine - An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a test that helps to determine the heart’s rhythm and rate. Your veterinarian may need to combine ECG results with results of blood work, x-rays, and possibly cardiac ultrasound to get a clear idea of how your pet’s heart is functioning. An ECG is safe and noninvasive and takes only a […]
- ENDOCARDITIS – Canine - Endocarditis is an infection of the heart valves and/or inside lining of the heart. The disease is more common in dogs than cats and usually affects male dogs. Endocarditis occurs when bacteria from another location in the body travel through the blood to the heart. Signs of endocarditis include coughing, difficulty breathing, getting tired quickly, […]
- ENTROPION – Canine - Entropion is a condition in which part or all of the eyelid rolls inward toward the eye surface. As a result, eyelashes may brush against the cornea (the clear covering of the eye), causing scratches, ulcers, and pain. Signs of entropion and associated corneal damage include squinting or blinking, excessive tearing, eye discharge, and pawing […]
- EXAMINATION AND RABIES VACCINE – Canine - Regular examinations are essential to maintaining your pet’s health. A thorough physical examination checks every major body system. Periodic vaccine risk assessments help ensure that your pet is properly immunized against infectious diseases. Rabies is a deadly disease that is generally fatal in all species. Vaccination against rabies is required by law in most states. […]
- EXERCISING YOUR DOG – Canine - Exercise can have many health benefits for your dog. You can help your dog get plenty of exercise by scheduling regular activity. Consult your veterinarian before beginning an exercise program for your dog. Benefits Exercise can have many health benefits for your dog. Regular exercise burns calories, reduces appetite, improves muscle tone, increases metabolism, and […]
- EXPLAINING PET LOSS TO CHILDREN – Canine - Our companion animals are often treasured members of the family, and we mourn for them when they die or are euthanized. It is important to recognize your feelings of loss and grief and to express them in your own way. In addition, when your child is attached to a pet that dies or is euthanized, […]
- EYE DISCHARGE – Canine - Some pets produce more tears than others, so increased wetness of the eye is not always a medical problem. Eye discharge becomes a problem when it is excessive, abnormal, or accompanied by other signs of a problem (such as squinting, rubbing, or sneezing). Depending on the cause of the eye discharge, drops or ointments applied […]
- FECAL ANALYSIS – Canine - Fecal analysis helps your veterinarian determine if your pet has intestinal parasites. Only a small sample of your pet’s stool is required to perform a fecal analysis. Fecal analysis may be recommended if your pet develops diarrhea, weight loss, or vomiting; however, even pets that don’t seem ill can benefit from periodic fecal evaluations. What […]
- FECAL FLOTATION AND GIARDIA TEST – Canine - Intestinal parasites can cause serious illness and even death in pets. Some parasites are zoonotic, which means they can infect humans. Fecal flotation and Giardia testing can identify intestinal parasites, which is important for determining the best treatment and helping to ensure a full recovery. Even pets that are receiving regular parasite preventive medication need periodic parasite testing. […]
- FECAL SMEAR – Canine - A fecal smear is a thin layer of feces that is examined under a microscope. The smear is usually performed in combination with other tests to identify possible causes of diarrhea. Ideally, the sample should be examined within 30 minutes of collection. Fecal smears are generally used to identify Giardia, a protozoan parasite that causes diarrhea. Fecal […]
- FEEDING YOUR NEW PUPPY – Canine - Veterinarians are your best source of information for making informed choices about which brand of food or treats to feed your puppy. Commercially produced puppy foods must meet AAFCO (Association of American Feed Control Officials) nutritional standards. There are a number of commercial diets specifically for dog breeds of different sizes. To ensure that your […]
- FIRST AID AND YOUR PET – Canine - One: Remain calm and try to keep your pet calm. Approach your pet with caution. An animal in pain may bite or scratch. Two: If some sort of stabilization is possible (for example, direct pressure to slow down bleeding), try it—ideally while on the way to the veterinarian. If this is not possible, just get to the […]
- FLEA ALLERGY DERMATITIS (FAD) – Canine - Flea allergy dermatitis (FAD) is a severe allergic reaction to the bite of a flea. FAD can cause intense itching and painful skin wounds. Left untreated, affected animals can develop secondary skin infections. FAD can be treated by controlling fleas on the pet and removing fleas from the pet’s environment. Corticosteroids and antibiotics may be […]
- FLEA AND TICK PREVENTION – Canine - Fleas and ticks are external parasites that can cause extreme discomfort and serious illness in pets and even people. Fleas and ticks are easily prevented from bothering your pet through the use of safe, easy to administer, effective products. Parasite prevention also may require treating your home and yard and keeping pets out of areas […]
- FLUORESCEIN STAIN – Canin - Fluorescein stain can be applied to the eye to detect injuries involving the cornea. Corneal scratches, ulcers, or other defects can be diagnosed using fluorescein staining. Performing a fluorescein stain takes only a few minutes and is not painful for your pet. What Is a Fluorescein Stain? A fluorescein test is a test that can […]
- FOLLOW-UP EXAMINATION – Canine - A follow-up examination is a physical examination that is usually performed a few weeks after the initial examination. The examination is scheduled to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment, assess healing after a surgical procedure, or monitor the progression of a disease. In addition to the examination, diagnostic tests, such as blood tests or radiography (obtaining […]
- EYE DISCHARGE – Canine - Some pets produce more tears than others, so increased wetness of the eye is not always a medical problem. Eye discharge becomes a problem when it is excessive, abnormal, or accompanied by other signs of a problem (such as squinting, rubbing, or sneezing). Depending on the cause of the eye discharge, drops or ointments applied […]
- FECAL ANALYSIS – Canine - Fecal analysis helps your veterinarian determine if your pet has intestinal parasites. Only a small sample of your pet’s stool is required to perform a fecal analysis. Fecal analysis may be recommended if your pet develops diarrhea, weight loss, or vomiting; however, even pets that don’t seem ill can benefit from periodic fecal evaluations. What […]
- FOOD ALLERGY – Canine - A food allergy is an immune response to something in the pet’s diet that did not cause problems in the past. Food allergies commonly cause itchiness and/or vomiting and diarrhea in dogs and cats. Food allergies are diagnosed with an elimination diet trial. Long-term treatment can be very successful if the offending ingredient is avoided. […]
- FOREIGN BODY SURGERY – Canine - A foreign body surgery is a procedure to remove an object from a pet’s digestive tract that will not pass through on its own. Diagnosis of a foreign body is usually made by physical examination and radiographs (x-rays). This is typically an emergency procedure that must be performed before injury occurs to the esophagus, stomach, […]
- FRUCTOSAMINE TESTING – Canine - A fructosamine test is a blood test that helps monitor diabetic patients. Checking a pet’s fructosamine level can help your veterinarian ensure that a pet’s diabetes is being adequately managed. To perform a fructosamine test, a small amount of a pet’s blood is taken and submitted to a laboratory for analysis. The fructosamine level is […]
- FUNGAL CULTURE – Canine - A fungal culture test is a method of identifying the specific fungus that may be causing an infection in or on the body. Performing a fungal culture test poses minimal risk to your pet, and in many cases, the information your veterinarian gains from this test is very valuable. What Is a Fungal Culture Test? […]
- GASTRIC DILATATION’VOLVULUS – Canine - Gastric dilation–volvulus (GDV), or “bloat,” is a life-threatening condition in which the stomach fills with air and becomes twisted. GDV can occur in any breed of dog, but it is more commonly seen in larger-breed dogs with deep chests. Dogs weighing 100 pounds or more have a 20% chance of this condition. One study showed […]
- GASTROINTESTINAL PARASITES IN DOGS – Canine - Gastrointestinal (GI) parasites can cause serious illness in dogs; some parasites can also infect humans. Your veterinarian can recommend medications to treat and control GI parasites. Any new pet entering your home should be tested for parasites as soon as possible. What Are Gastrointestinal Parasites? Gastrointestinal (GI) parasites include any parasites that live in the […]
- GETTING YOUR DOG BACK ON ITS FEET – Canine - The most effective way to treat lameness is to obtain an accurate diagnosis of what is wrong. Always strictly follow your veterinarian’s recommendations for rehabilitation and recovery. It is critical to keep all of your pet’s recommended follow-up appointments so that your veterinarian can monitor your pet’s progress. My Dog Is Limping—Now What? The most […]
- GIARDIASIS – Canine - Giardia is a parasite that is found worldwide and in every region of the United States. Giardiasis (the disease that Giardia causes) can cause diarrhea, appetite loss, and vomiting. Giardiasis is transmitted to dogs and catsthrough contact with infected feces or with water, food, or soil that has been contaminated by infected feces. Pets can often be infected […]
- GLUCOSE AND FRUCTOSAMINE TESTING – Canine - Blood glucose and fructosamine tests are helpful tools for monitoringdiabetic patients. The results of glucose and fructosamine testing can helpyour veterinarian ensure that your pet’s diabetes is being adequately managed. Only small amounts of blood are required to perform these tests. What Are Glucose Testing and Fructosamine Testing? In diabetic patients, spot-checking the blood glucose (or […]
- GRIEF IN DOGS AND CATS – Canine - Based on observed changes in behavior, it is thought that some dogs and cats grieve after losing a close human or animal companion. Dogs and cats seem to show a wide variety of responses to losing a companion. As in people, signs of grief in pets usually improve with time. However, there are things you […]
- HEART MURMURS IN DOGS – Canine - A heart murmur is an abnormal sound that a veterinarian hears when listening to the heart through a stethoscope. A murmur is not always a cause for concern, but it can be an indication of heart disease, so other diagnostic tests may be warranted. Found in young puppies, innocent murmurs are essentially harmless and usually […]
- HEARTWORM DISEASE IN DOGS – Canine - Heartworm disease attacks the lungs, heart, and related blood vessels. It is serious and potentially fatal. Dogs are highly susceptible to heartworm. Nearly all exposed dogs will become infected. Heartworm is endemic in all 50 states. Heartworm disease is transmitted through the bite of an infected mosquito. Treatment can be costly and complicated. Illness is […]
- HEATSTROKE – Canine - Heatstroke is a life-threatening condition that occurs when body temperature reaches 106°F to 109°F. Being left in a hot car and exercising in hot weather are the most common causes of heatstroke in pets. “Cracking” car windows does not keep a car cool. Organ failure, seizures, and death are likely if treatment for heatstroke is not started […]
- HELPING YOUR ITCHY PET – Canine - In some cases, multiple problems contribute to itching in pets. Scratching can quickly lead to skin damage, bleeding, hair loss, scabs, and secondary skin infections with bacteria or fungal organisms. Treatment for an itchy pet can require a long-term commitment. You should maintain communication with your veterinarian, especially if a treatment doesn’t seem to be […]
- HEMATURIA – Canine - Hematuria is the condition of having blood in the urine. Bloody urine may be caused by abnormalities in the urinary tract or by disease processes elsewhere in the body that can affect the urinary tract. Hematuria may be an indication of a serious blood clotting or platelet disorder. Treatment varies depending on the cause. What […]
- HOOKWORMS – Canine - Hookworms are internal parasites that live in the small intestines of dogs and cats. People can be infected with hookworms when a hookworm larva penetrates their skin or when they unknowingly swallow infective hookworm eggs. Signs of hookworm infections in pets may include pale gums, tarry diarrhea, poor coat, lethargy, and failure to gain weight. […]
- HOW TO ADMINISTER EAR MEDICATION TO YOUR DOG – Canine - Many outer ear infections in dogs require medicine to be put directly into the ear. Follow your veterinarian’s recommendations closely. Always put health and safety first. If the procedure seems dangerous to you or very painful for your pet, stop and consult your veterinarian. The Basics Many outer ear infections in dogs require medicine to […]
- HOW TO ADMINISTER EYE MEDICATION TO YOUR DOG – Canine - Many eye conditions in dogs require medicine to be put directly into the eye. Follow your veterinarian’s recommendations closely. Always put health and safety first. If the procedure seems dangerous to you or very painful for your pet, stop and consult your veterinarian. The Basics Many eye conditions in dogs require medicine to be put […]
- HOW TO ADMINISTER A TOPICAL MEDICATION TO YOUR DOG – Canine - Many conditions in dogs require medicine to be applied to the skin. Follow your veterinarian’s recommendations closely. Always put health and safety first. If the procedure seems dangerous to you or very painful for your pet, stop and consult your veterinarian. The Basics Many conditions in dogs require medicine to be applied to the skin. […]
- HOW TO FIND A REPUTABLE BREEDER – Canine - Thorough research is important to ensure the breed fits with your lifestyle. Ask for recommendations, research websites, then interview and visit several breeders before making a decision. Reputable breeders will specialize in only one or two breeds, raise a limited number of litters a year, and offer a written contract with a health guarantee. A […]
- HOW TO GIVE YOUR CAT LIQUID MEDICINE – feline - Liquid medications are prescribed to treat a variety of conditions. It is important to use only medicines prescribed by a veterinarian and to treat for the full length of time prescribed. Do not stop treatment early, even if the problem seems to be resolved. The Basics Liquid medications are prescribed to treat a variety of […]
- HOW TO GIVE YOUR DOG LIQUID MEDICINE – Canine - Liquid medications are prescribed to treat a variety of conditions. It is important to use only medicines prescribed by a veterinarian and to treat for the full length of time prescribed. Do not stop treatment early, even if the problem seems to be resolved. The Basics Liquid medications are prescribed to treat a variety of […]
- HOW TO GIVE YOUR DOG A PILL – Canine - Medicines in pill or capsule form are prescribed to treat a variety of conditions. It is important to use only medicines prescribed by a veterinarian and to treat for the full length of time prescribed. Do not stop treatment early, even if the problem seems to be resolved. The Basics Medicines in pill or capsule […]
- HOW TO TELL IF YOUR DOG IS SICK - Any change in your dog’s normal behavior, such as increased lethargy, loss of appetite, or weight loss, may indicate that your dog is ill. If you suspect that your dog is sick, contact your veterinarian for advice. If your dog becomes ill after your veterinarian’s normal business hours, call an emergency veterinary clinic for guidance. […]
- HUMAN FOODS THAT ARE DANGEROUS FOR DOGS AND CATS – Canine - Some human foods can cause serious illness (and even death) in dogs and cats. Pets should not be given human food unless recommended by your veterinarian. If you suspect your pet may have eaten a dangerous food, contact your veterinarian immediately. What Do I Need to Know About Foods That Are Dangerous for My Pet? […]
- HYPERTENSION AND YOUR PET – Canine - Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, can affect dogs and cats. In people, the most common type of hypertension is known as primary or essential hypertension, which means that high blood pressure is the main disease process. Cats and dogs, on the other hand, rarely develop primary hypertension. Instead, hypertension in pets is usually the sign of another illness. […]
- IBUPROFEN AND NAPROXEN TOXICOSIS – Canine - Ibuprofen and naproxen can be toxic to dogs and cats, but cats are much more susceptible to this toxicity than dogs are. A single 200-milligram ibuprofen tablet can be toxic to a cat or small- to medium-sized dog; toxic effects can occur rapidly and damage the kidneys and stomach. Ibuprofen and naproxen are drugs intended […]
- IMMUNE-MEDIATED HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA – Canine - Immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA) is a condition in which the body’s immune system attacks and destroys red blood cells. IMHA can be a primary condition, or it can be caused by another illness or event (including cancer, certain tick-transmitted diseases, or some viral and bacterial infections). IMHA can be fatal, even with aggressive treatment. For […]
- IMMUNE-MEDIATED THROMBOCYTOPENIA – Canine - Immune-mediated thrombocytopenia (IMT) is a condition in which the body’s immune system attacks and destroys blood platelets. IMT can be a primary condition, or it can be caused by another illness (including cancer, certain tick-transmitted diseases, and some viral and bacterial infections). IMT generally responds to treatment, but it can be fatal. For pets that […]
- INJECTABLE MEDICATION – canine - Some medications can only be administered by injection and must be given by a trained veterinary professional. Your veterinary care team will be glad to address any questions or concerns you may have about the injectable medication your pet is receiving. If your pet has any problems after receiving an injection, notify your veterinarian right […]
- INJECTION OF ADEQUAN CANINE – Canine - Adequan® Canine, which is referred to as Adequan, is a medication manufactured by Novartis Animal Health. Adequan slows cartilage destruction and promotes cartilage repair in dogs. Adequan improves the texture of joint fluid, contributing to increased joint comfort and mobility. Proper use of Adequan is associated with very few side effects. What Is Adequan? Canine osteoarthritis is […]
- INTERVERTEBRAL DISK DISEASE – Canine - Intervertebral disk disease (IVDD) occurs when a disk between the vertebrae (bones of the spine) ruptures and pushes against the spinal cord. While IVDD can happen in cats, it’s more common in dogs, especially breeds such as dachshunds, basset hounds, and Welsh corgis. The signs of IVDD vary depending on the location and the degree […]
- JOINT ARTHROSCOPY – Canine - Joint arthroscopy is a diagnostic and/or therapeutic technique that allows the veterinarian to look inside your pet’s joints through a very small skin incision. A pet’s joints can be examined for signs of degeneration or trauma. In some cases therapeutic procedures can be performed. Recovery time from arthroscopic versus “open” joint surgery is generally easier […]
- KEEPING YOUR PET AT A HEALTHY WEIGHT – Canine - Nearly 50% of adult dogs and cats in the United States are overweight or obese. Obesity increases the risk for other serious health problems. Follow your veterinarian’s advice on which diet to feed your pet, how much, and how often. Give your pet plenty of opportunities for regular exercise that is appropriate for his or […]
- KENNELING YOUR DOG – Canine - Even being in the best kennel is stressful for many dogs. If your dog does not tolerate boarding well, consider using a pet sitter or arranging for your dog to stay with a friend or relative while you are traveling. Before kenneling your dog anywhere, be sure to visit the facilities to see whether they […]
- KIDNEY DISEASE IN PETS – Canine - Kidney disease is a very general term used to describe any one of several conditions that can affect the kidneys or damage kidney cells. Clinical signs associated with kidney disease can vary depending on the presentation (acute or chronic) and the underlying cause. Pets can sometimes experience a good quality of life for many years after […]
- LACERATION REPAIR – Canine - A laceration is a cut or tear in the skin that may include damage to the muscles and other structures beneath the skin. While superficial (surface) wounds may sometimes be repaired using local anesthesia (which affects only the area of the wound), most laceration repairs require general (full) anesthesia of the pet. After the wound […]
- LARYNGEAL PARALYSIS – Canine - The larynx is the structure at the back of the throat that opens to allow airflow in and out of the trachea and closes to prevent fluid and food from being inhaled into the lungs. In cases of laryngeal paralysis, the cartilage and vocal folds of the larynx are unable to open fully, making breathing […]
- LEPTOSPIROSIS – Canine - Leptospirosis is a serious and potentially fatal bacterial disease that can be transmitted to humans. The disease typically attacks the kidneys and liver of infected dogs. It is transmitted to dogs through contact with contaminated water, soil, or surfaces. Localized outbreaks may occur in areas that have recently experienced flooding. Infected dogs require treatment with […]
- LICK GRANULOMA – Canine - A lick granuloma is a thickened, hairless area of skin that results from excessive, repetitive licking or chewing. Signs of a lick granuloma include brown-stained hair around the lesion and an area of thickened skin that may be inflamed, infected, or ulcerated. The lesions usually occur on the lower legs of dogs. Excessive licking may […]
- LIPOMA – Canine - A lipoma is a benign (noncancerous) mass made of fat cells. These lumps may appear just under the skin anywhere on the body or inside the chest and abdomen. Middle-aged and older female dogs are more likely to have lipomas. All skin lumps should be examined by a veterinarian. A lipoma is diagnosed with a […]
- LIVER DISEASE TESTING – Canine - Liver disease is a very general term used to describe several conditions that can damage liver cells. Diagnosis of liver disease may require a combination of several tests. If liver disease progresses, it can eventually lead to decreased liver function, liver failure, and death. What Is Liver Disease? “Liver disease” is a very general term […]
- LYME DISEASE TESTS AND VACCINE – Canine - Lyme disease is transmitted to dogs (and humans) through the bite of an infected tick. Many veterinarians use a SNAP test to diagnose Lyme disease. The SNAP test requires only a small amount of blood and a few minutes to perform. Sometimes additional laboratory testing is recommended. Vaccination and careful tick control measures can help […]
- LYMPHOMA (LYMPHOSARCOMA) – Canine - Lymphoma, or lymphosarcoma, is a cancer of the lymphocytes, which are a type of white blood cell associated with the immune system. The exact cause of lymphoma is unknown. Cats that are positive for feline leukemia virus (FeLV) are more likely to develop lymphoma than cats that test negative for the virus. Boxers, golden retrievers, […]
- MACADAMIA NUT TOXICOSIS – Canine - Macadamia nuts are a common ingredient in cookies and candies. In dogs, eating macadamia nuts is associated with illness. Once eaten, toxic effects can occur within 12 hours. It is best to avoid giving human food to your pet unless advised to do so by your veterinarian. What Is Macadamia Nut Toxicosis? Macadamia nuts are […]
- MALASSEZIA DERMATITIS – Canine - Malassezia dermatitis is a yeast infection of the skin. It varies in severity from a mild itch to severe skin changes (in its most severe form, the skin thickens to resemble an elephant’s skin). It is usually secondary to a problem such as allergies or hormonal imbalances. Treatment is aimed at clearing the infection and treating […]
- MEDICAL CAUSES OF WEIGHT LOSS – Canine - A variety of medical conditions can cause weight loss. Weight loss is not a disease—it is a sign of an illness. Therefore, the treatment for weight loss depends on the underlying cause. Regular physical examinations, routine wellness screening tests, and periodically weighing your pets at home can help with early detection of medical problems that […]
- MEDICATION MONITORING – Canine - Medication monitoring can help ensure that your pet is not experiencing unwanted side effects from a medication. It can also tell your veterinarian whether the medication may need to be adjusted. All medications have potential side effects. If you are giving your pet more than one medication, the medications may interfere with each other, causing […]
- MICROCHIPPING YOUR PET – Canine - Many lost pets are never returned to their owners because they do not have any form of identification. Microchips are a way of permanently identifying your pet. Microchips must be registered with a microchip company to reunite you with your pet. Microchipping is a simple, quick procedure that can be performed by your veterinarian. Why […]
- MOTION SICKNESS IN DOGS – Canine - Motion sickness can cause your dog to develop a fear of riding in a vehicle. If your dog seems to have motion sickness, take him or her to your veterinarian. Do not give your dog any medication without first consulting your veterinarian. The Basics Just like people, dogs can have motion sickness, which can make […]
- NEUTERING – Canine - Neutering is a surgical procedure in which the testicles are removed in a male animal. Neutering prevents unwanted reproduction and can help eliminate negative behavioral effects of male hormones, such as roaming and aggression. Neutering may also be performed to treat testicular and anal tumors and some prostate problems. What Is Neutering? Neutering, also known […]
- NIPPING AND MOUTHING BY DOGS – Canine - Nipping and mouthing should be discouraged starting in puppyhood. If you suspect that your dog is nipping, mouthing, or biting because of aggressive behavior, please consult a veterinarian or qualified professional. Do not use physical punishment on your dog. Hitting your dog could cause him or her to become afraid or aggressive. The Basics Nipping […]
- OBESITY IN PETS: TIPPING THE SCALE IN YOUR FAVOR – Canine - Approximately half of the pets in the United States are either overweight or obese. The health consequences of obesity include increased risk for joint disease, heart and respiratory problems, and diabetes. As with humans, weight management is not a quick fix, and the associated goals and lifestyle changes should be long-term in order to be […]
- OPHTHALMIC EXAM – Canine - An ophthalmic exam is a thorough examination of the pet’s eyes and the surrounding tissues. The exam may be performed by your veterinarian or by a veterinary ophthalmologist (an eye-care specialist). The exam is generally non-invasive and painless for your pet. The kind of tests performed depend on the nature of the pet’s eye problem. […]
- ORAVET’ DENTAL SEALANT – Canine - OraVet Dental Sealant is an invisible, polymer sealant that is applied to your pet’s teeth by your veterinarian after a dental cleaning. The sealant adheres to teeth to create an invisible physical barrier that helps prevent bacteria from accumulating on teeth. The sealant may be followed by OraVet Plaque Prevention Gel, a substance that is […]
- PANOSTEITIS – Canine - Panosteitis is a painful inflammation of the long bones in the limbs. It affects young, medium- to large-breed dogs, especially German shepherds. The cause of panosteitis is not known. Signs include lameness in one or multiple limbs. Painful episodes may last for days or weeks and recur periodically. Diagnosis is based on physical examination (evidence […]
- PATELLAR LUXATION – Canine - Patellar luxation occurs when the pet’s patella (kneecap) slips out of its normal position on the femur bone, causing pain, lameness, and instability in the knee. Severity of patellar luxation is graded on a scale of 1 to 4. Surgical correction may be recommended. Failure to treat patellar luxation can result in arthritis and lead […]
- PEMPHIGUS – Canine - Pemphigus is a potentially fatal autoimmune disease of the skin. Skin cells are under attack by the dog or cat’s own immune system. Pemphigus can be treated with short- or long-term use of immunosuppressive medications. Disease resistance to treatment and side effects of medications account for most deaths caused by this disease. What Is Pemphigus? […]
- PERIANAL FISTULAE IN DOGS – Canine - Perianal fistulae are abnormal openings in the skin around the anus that are painful and do not heal on their own. This condition occurs most commonly in German shepherds. Signs include ulcerated, draining tracts around the anus, difficulty passing feces, reluctance to sit, rectal odor, and loss of appetite. Although the exact cause is unknown, […]
- PERIODONTAL DISEASE IN DOGS – Canine - More than 85% of dogs over 4 years of age have periodontal disease. Periodontal disease is a progressive inflammation of the supporting structures around the teeth. Signs of periodontal disease include bad breath, redness or bleeding along the gum line, difficulty chewing, drooling, and loose or missing teeth. Periodontal disease is diagnosed by examining the […]
- POTASSIUM BROMIDE LEVEL TEST – Canine - Potassium bromide is a medication used to control or prevent seizures. A potassium bromide level test is used to determine if the dose is appropriate to control seizures without causing harmful side effects. The test requires a simple blood sample at your veterinarian’s office. Signs of potassium bromide toxicosis include sedation, rear-limb weakness, and incoordination […]
- PREGNANCY IN DOGS – Canine - In dogs, pregnancy lasts 56 to 70 days, or about 2 months. Diagnosis is usually made by manually feeling the puppies in the uterus or by radiography (x-rays) and/or ultrasound. While toy breeds tend to have smaller litters of one to four puppies, larger breeds may carry as many as eight to 12 puppies. What […]
- PREVENTING HEARTWORMS AND FLEAS – Canine - Heartworms and fleas are parasites that can cause serious problems. Fortunately, these parasites can be prevented by using safe, effective, and easy-to-administer medications. Heartworm disease damages the heart, lungs, and related blood vessels and can be fatal. This disease is transmitted through the bite of an infected mosquito. Heartworm disease in dogs is treatable, but […]
- PROHEART’ 6 INJECTION FOR DOGS – Canine - Heartworm disease is a serious and potentially fatal condition that attacks the heart, lungs, and related blood vessels. ProHeart 6 is an injectable heartworm preventive medication that can be used in healthy dogs 6 months of age or older. ProHeart 6 is not for use in cats. ProHeart 6 injections are given once every 6 […]
- PROBIOTICS – Canine - Probiotics are beneficial bacteria that compete with harmful bacteria to restore the proper bacterial balance in the intestines of dogs and cats. Probiotics are administered when an overgrowth of harmful bacteria result in diarrhea, vomiting, or gas. Different probiotic bacteria have different effects on the digestive tract. Because probiotic products on the market can vary […]
- PULMONARY EDEMA – Canine - Pulmonary edema is an accumulation of fluid in the lungs. Many veterinarians use results of chest radiographs (x-rays) to confirm a diagnosis of pulmonary edema. In most cases, medication can resolve pulmonary edema, but the long-term outcome depends heavily on the underlying cause. What Is Pulmonary Edema? Most lung tissue is made up of tiny […]
- PUPPY SOCIALIZATION – Canine - Socialization is the learning process through which puppies become accustomed to being near various people, animals, and environments. Proper socialization can help eliminate behavior problems in the future and create a better bond between the pet and the family. When introducing puppies to new people, pets, or environments, provide praise or treats so the puppy […]
- PUPPY TRAINING – Canine - Puppy training is an important step toward a lifetime of good behavior. Puppies respond better to positive reinforcement than punishment. Puppies should always be supervised or should be kenneled when you are away. Training should be consistent and involve everyone in the family. It’s important for puppies to be socialized around other people and other […]
- PUPPY OR ADULT DOG: WHICH IS RIGHT FOR YOU? – Canine - If you are looking for a dog, ask your veterinarian about reputable breeders in your area, but don’t forget that shelters, rescue societies, and adoption organizations are also great options. Consider how much time and patience you can devote to a new pet. Puppies are adorable and entertaining, but they tend to require more time […]
- PYODERMA – Canine - Pyoderma is a bacterial infection of the skin. It varies in severity from a superficial rash to deep, pus-filled ulcerations. Problems that can lead to pyoderma include parasites, allergies, and hormonal imbalances. Treatment of pyoderma is aimed at clearing the infection and treating the primary cause. What Is Pyoderma? Pyoderma is a bacterial infection of […]
- PYOMETRA – Canine - Pyometra is a severe bacterial infection of the uterus that can be life threatening. It can occur in any unspayed female cat or dog. Older, unspayed female dogs that have not had a litter are most commonly affected. Hormones can cause the uterine lining to thicken and form cysts, creating an ideal breeding ground for […]
- RABIES – Canine - Rabies is a deadly disease that is generally fatal in all species. It is transmitted through contact with saliva of an infected animal. There is no effective treatment in animals. It is virtually preventable through vaccination. What Is It? Rabies is a deadly disease caused by a virus that attacks the central nervous system. All […]
- RADIOGRAPHY – Canine - Radiography is painless, very safe, and noninvasive, and it can sometimes be performed during an outpatient visit while you wait. Radiography is useful for evaluating the bones and the size, shape, and position of internal organs. Sedation is sometimes recommended for patients undergoing radiography. Radiography can help your veterinarian diagnose numerous medical conditions, including broken […]
- RATTLESNAKE VACCINE – Canine - The rattlesnake vaccine can help a dog’s immune system neutralize venom if the dog is bitten by a rattlesnake. The vaccine is designed specifically to counteract the venom of the western diamondback rattlesnake, but the vaccine may also be effective against similar venom of other rattlesnake species. In the first year of administering the vaccine, […]
- REFILLING MEDICATIONS – Canine - Remembering to refill prescriptions on time helps protect your pet’s safety and health. Some veterinarians require 24 hours’ notice for prescription refills, so be sure to allow enough time for your request to be processed. The best way to avoid running out of medication is to plan ahead and order refills on time. Despite our […]
- REHABILITATIVE MEDICINE FOR DOGS WITH OSTEOARTHRITIS – Canine - A rehabilitative medicine program can dramatically increase strength and mobility, improving overall quality of life for dogs with osteoarthritis. Pain is often the main hindrance to initiating a rehabilitation program. If a dog responds to pain management quickly, rehab can begin as soon as possible and can continue based on the dog’s abilities. In many […]
- RINGWORM – Canine - Ringworm is a fungal infection of the skin, hair, and/or nails in dogs and cats. It is a zoonotic disease, meaning that it can be transmitted from animals to humans. The infection is also contagious among animals. Ringworm is transmitted by direct contact with an infected animal or by touching objects that have been exposed […]
- RODENTICIDE POISONING – Canine - Many mouse and rat poisons contain ingredients that can be toxic and even fatal to your pet. These toxins may cause blood clotting problems, nervous system problems, or kidney failure. Signs of poisoning include pale gums, bruising, bleeding from the mouth or nose, seizures, and increased drinking and urination. If your pet has ingested a […]
- ROUNDWORMS – Canine - Roundworms are parasites that live in the intestines of dogs and cats. Roundworm infections can be transmitted from animals to humans. Depending on the type of roundworm, pets can be infected by their mother during pregnancy or nursing, by eating roundworm eggs in the environment, or by eating infected rodents or birds. Signs in pets […]
- SARCOPTIC MANGE – Canine - Sarcoptic mange (scabies) is an intensely itchy skin condition in dogs. It is caused by Sarcoptes scabiei, microscopic mites that penetrate the skin surface. The condition is highly contagious among dogs and is spread by direct contact. The mite may be transferred to people and cats, but these species are not natural hosts for the mite, […]
- SCHIRMER TEAR TEST – Canine - A Schirmer tear test is a procedure that allows your veterinarian to determine if your pet is producing enough tears to keep the eyes healthy. Schirmer tear testing is used to diagnose a condition called keratoconjunctivitis sicca, more commonly known as dry eye. What Is a Schirmer Tear Test? Tears are produced by the eyes to reduce […]
- SEBORRHEA – Canine - Seborrhea is a general term used to describe skin and hair that has excessive flaking or grease. While primary seborrhea is a rare inherited disease, most cases of seborrhea are secondary to other disease processes such as allergies, external parasites, infections, and glandular or immune system diseases. Treatment for the underlying disease may help resolve cases […]
- SEIZURES AND EPILEPSY – Canine - A seizure (convulsion) is the sudden transmission of nerve impulses from the brain that causes involuntary muscle activity. Epilepsy is a condition in which seizures occur periodically over the course of weeks or months. Treating any underlying conditions may eliminate seizure activity; pets with epilepsy may require antiseizure medications for the remainder of their lives. […]
- SELECTING A GROOMER - Groomers are not regulated or licensed by a government agency. When looking for a groomer, seek recommendations from friends, veterinarians, trainers, and boarding facilities. When looking for a groomer, visit the grooming facility during regular business hours to check the cleanliness and observe how pets are handled. When visiting a grooming facility, ask about its […]
- SELECTING A NEW PUPPY – Canine - Before choosing a puppy, it’s important to research dog breeds to find one that fits into your lifestyle. A healthy puppy should be bright and alert, without signs of coughing, sneezing, or lethargy. A puppy should have good social skills with its littermates and with people of all ages. Puppies that are loners or show […]
- SEPARATION ANXIETY – Canine - Separation anxiety is a behavior problem in which a dog panics after (and sometimes before) being left alone. The signs of separation anxiety can be associated with other behavioral and medical problems, so your veterinarian will need to examine your dog to make a diagnosis. There are many effective treatments for separation anxiety. The Basics […]
- SERUM BIOCHEMISTRY PROFILE – Canine - A serum biochemistry profile is a blood test that provides an overview of many of the body’s functions. Performing a serum biochemistry profile poses minimal risk for your pet, and in many cases, the information your veterinarian gains from this testing is very valuable. Your veterinarian may recommend that your pet not receive any food […]
- SKIN PROBLEMS AND YOUR PET – Canine - A variety of skin problems can affect dogs and cats, including allergies, bacterial and fungal infections, and parasite infestations. The signs of skin problems in pets can be very similar, so it is important to have your veterinarian examine your pet to determine the cause of the problem. Most skin problems in pets are curable […]
- SPAY SURGERY – Canine - A spay is a surgical procedure in which the ovaries and uterus are surgically removed. Spaying prevents unwanted pregnancy and discontinues heat cycles. Spaying may also be performed to treat certain medical conditions, such as a uterine infection. When performed early in life, spaying can decrease the chance of your pet getting breast cancer. What […]
- SPAYING OR NEUTERING YOUR PET – Canine - Spaying and neutering are surgical procedures to remove reproductive organs. These procedures are typically recommended for puppies and kittens before they reach sexual maturity (at about 5 months old). Spaying or neutering your pet prevents him or her from having unwanted offspring. It also has very important health and behavior benefits for your pet. General […]
- SUBMISSIVE URINATION IN DOGS – Canine - Submissive urination occurs when dogs perceive some kind of threat. Submissive urination is most common in puppies but can happen at any age. Dogs may interpret a harsh tone of voice or some human body language (such as direct eye contact, standing over the dog, petting the dog on the head) as dominant and threatening. […]
- SUMMER HAZARDS AND YOUR DOG - When temperatures outside reach dangerous levels, the temperature inside the house can, too. Keep fresh water available, and make sure your dog has a cool place to spend the day. Bring your dog indoors if a heat advisory is issued, or if severe weather (heavy rain, high winds, flooding) is expected. Never leave your dog […]
- TAIL DOCKING – Canine - Tail docking, also known by the term caudectomy, is the surgical removal of a portion of the tail. Surgical caudectomy can be performed for medical reasons, such as to ensure complete tumor removal or to alleviate excessive skin folds around the base of the tail. In most cases, tail docking is a cosmetic procedure without apparent […]
- TAPEWORMS – Canine - Tapeworms are long, flat, parasitic worms that live in the intestines of dogs and cats. Pets generally become infected by ingesting fleas that contain tapeworm larvae during grooming. Pets may also become infected by eating prey that is infected with tapeworm larvae. Most tapeworm infections do not cause illness in pets. People can get tapeworm […]
- THE WELLNESS EXAMINATION – Canine - A wellness exam is an overall general health assessmentthat may include blood tests, urinalysis, and parasite screening. A wellness exam is recommended for most pets at least annually. Some veterinarians recommend wellness exams at least every 6 months for senior pets and pets with chronic health issues. A wellness exam can help ensure your pet’s […]
- THROMBOCYTOPENIA (DECREASED PLATELET COUNT) – Canine - Thrombocytopenia is a life-threatening condition leading to uncontrollable bleeding and severe anemia. It is a decrease in the number of platelets, which are necessary to form clots. Various diseases may lead to thrombocytopenia. Immediate medical attention is necessary for survival. The success of treatment depends on the primary disease and response to treatment. What Is […]
- THYROID LEVEL TEST/THYROID PROFILE TESTS/CANINE HYPOTHYROIDISM – Canine - A thyroid level test is a blood test that allows the veterinarian to evaluate the function of the thyroid gland. Blood is drawn from the pet and sent to a laboratory for the measurement of thyroid hormone levels. In dogs, thyroid testing is most commonly used to diagnose and monitor the treatment of hypothyroidism. Diagnosis […]
- TICKS AND YOUR DOG – Canine - Ticks can transmit dangerous diseases, like Lyme disease, when they attach to a host and feed. Your veterinarian can recommend safe and effective products to help protect your dog from ticks. You should never remove a tick with your fingers. Tweezers or tick removal tools work well. When in doubt, ask your veterinary care team […]
- TRACHEAL COLLAPSE – Canine - Tracheal collapse occurs in dogs when the cartilage of the trachea loses some of its stiffness, causing the wall of the trachea to collapse inward as the dog breathes. Clinical signs may not occur unless a secondary condition is also present; these include being obese and inhaling irritants such as cigarette smoke. Clinical signs tend […]
- TRAINING YOUR DOG – Canine - Even if you’re just looking for a pet to be a companion, training is still important to the relationship you hope to share with your dog. You may choose only “basic” training, like learning sit, stay, and come, or you may want more advanced training options. Ask your veterinarian for recommendations, and check out the out credentials of […]
- TRAINING YOUR DOG TO WEAR A MUZZLE – Canine - The following training technique can be used to train your dog to wear a nylon or basket muzzle. Your dog should think that learning to wear a muzzle is a fun game. You will know whether you have trained your dog well if he or she looks forward to wearing a muzzle. 1. are readily […]
- TRAVELING WITH YOUR DOG – Canine - Bring enough of your dog’s regular food and medication for the duration of the trip. If you plan to travel with your pet, let your veterinarian know ahead of time; your dog may need a health certificate, or there may be other health issues to address. How Can I Make the Travel Experience Better for […]
- TREATING HEARTWORM DISEASE – Canine - Heartworm disease is a serious and potentially fatal condition that damages the heart, lungs, and related blood vessels. Dogs and cats are at risk for becoming infected with heartworms. Heartworm disease in dogs is treatable, but in some cases, treatment can be costly and complicated. There are no approved products for heartworm treatment in cats. […]
- TRIMMING YOUR DOG’S NAILS – Canine - Nail trimming should be a calm, stress-free experience for you and your dog. If your dog experiences pain from nail trimming, you will probably have trouble trimming his or her nails in the future, so make sure that you clip just the tip of each nail. Contact your veterinarian if you are unsure of how […]
- ULTRASONOGRAPHY – Canine - Ultrasonography is a diagnostic technique that allows your veterinarian to look inside your pet’s body without surgery. Ultrasonography uses reflected sound waves to create images of organs or spaces inside your pet’s body. Ultrasonography is painless and noninvasive. In many situations, it can be conducted while the pet is awake. What Is Ultrasonography? Ultrasonography is […]
- UNDERSTANDING PET FOOD LABELS – Canine - Understanding pet food labels is the first step in choosing the right food to help make an optimal nutritional plan for a pet. Animals require specific nutrients from the ingredients in their foods. The new regulation to include calorie information on pet food labels might help decrease the number of overweight pets. Pet owners can […]
- URINALYSIS AND EARLY KIDNEY DISEASE DETECTION – Canine - In kidney disease, the kidneys do not function properly. Acute (sudden) kidney disease may be reversible, but chronic (long-term) kidney disease is usually progressive, meaning that it worsens over time. Kidney disease can be detected early with the help of a urinalysis. A urinalysis is an examination of a dog’s or cat’s urine to assess […]
- URINARY TRACT DISEASE IN DOGS – Canine - Urinary tract disease is a very general term used to describe any one of several conditions that can affect any part of the urinary tract. Clinical signs associated with urinary tract disease vary depending on the exact condition. Some types of urinary tract disease can be reversed with treatment, while other conditions, such as chronic kidney […]
- URINE CULTURE TEST – Canine - A urine culture test is done to identify the specific bacteria that are causing a urinary tract infection. Ideally, a sample of urine is collected by cystocentesis in which a needle is inserted directly into the animal’s bladder. The urine sample is placed on a special medium and incubated to allow the bacteria to grow. After the […]
- URINE SPECIFIC GRAVITY TEST – Canine - The urine specific gravity (SG) test tells your veterinarian how concentrated your pet’s urine is (how much water it contains). Collecting a urine sample for SG measurement can be done at your veterinarian’s office or, sometimes, at home. If your pet’s urine SG is abnormal, additional tests may be recommended to determine the cause. What […]
- VACCINE TITER TESTING – Canine - Vaccine titer tests measure the level of specific antibodies in a pet’s blood. Titer tests can help determine whether a puppy’s or kitten’s immune system has responded appropriately to an initial vaccine series. Some veterinarians use vaccine titer tests to help guide decisions regarding whether a pet should be revaccinated for certain diseases. What Is […]
- VALVULAR HEART DISEASE – Canine - Heart valves help control movement of blood through the heart; valvular heart disease can develop when heart valves are not working properly. Your veterinarian may recommend a cardiac evaluation if valvular heart disease is suspected. Most cases of valvular heart disease are treated with medication, but severely affected pets may not survive, despite medical treatment. […]
- VESTIBULAR DISEASE – Canine - Vestibular disease is a medical condition that affects the nervous system. Clinical signs of vestibular disease include incoordination (instability when trying to stand or walk), head tilt, and circling to one side. Sometimes the cause of vestibular disease remains undiagnosed, but underlying causes can include thyroid disease (in dogs) or a middle/inner ear infection. Spontaneous […]
- VOMITING – Canine - Vomiting is the forceful emptying of the stomach. If vomiting is prolonged, it can lead to dehydration. Vomiting can be associated with several medical conditions ranging from motion sickness to foreign body ingestion to cancer. Treatment is aimed at controlling the vomiting and resolving the primary cause. A safe environment, healthy diet, routine veterinary care, […]
- VON WILLEBRAND’S DISEASE – Canine - Von Willebrand’s disease is an inherited bleeding disorder that occurs most commonly in dogs and rarely in cats. It is caused by a deficiency in the quantity or activity of von Willebrand factor, a protein in the blood that helps platelets stick to injured surfaces to form a clot. It is found most commonly in […]
- VOMITING – Canine - Vomiting is the forceful emptying of the stomach. If vomiting is prolonged, it can lead to dehydration. Vomiting can be associated with several medical conditions ranging from motion sickness to foreign body ingestion to cancer. Treatment is aimed at controlling the vomiting and resolving the primary cause. A safe environment, healthy diet, routine veterinary care, […]
- VON WILLEBRAND’S DISEASE – Canine - Von Willebrand’s disease is an inherited bleeding disorder that occurs most commonly in dogs and rarely in cats. It is caused by a deficiency in the quantity or activity of von Willebrand factor, a protein in the blood that helps platelets stick to injured surfaces to form a clot. It is found most commonly in […]
- WEIGHT CHECK - A weight check is the measurement of your pet’s weight and the evaluation of your pet’s body condition. A weight check should be performed at every veterinary examination and any time you notice changes in your pet’s weight. Unexpected weight loss may be the first sign of diseases such as diabetes, hyperthyroidism in cats, kidney […]
- WEST NILE VIRUS AND YOUR PET – Canine - West Nile virus is usually transmitted to dogs and cats through the bite of an infected mosquito. Clinical signs of infection in dogs and cats may be very mild or absent. Protecting your pets from mosquitoes will reduce their risk of exposure to West Nile virus. Ask your veterinarian about safe and effective mosquito-repellant products […]
- WHEN TO CONSIDER EUTHANASIA - Euthanasia is the painless, humane termination of life. The decision regarding when to euthanize is fraught with medical, financial, ethical, religious, moral, and sometimes legal considerations. Seeking counsel from family, friends, and others can help with this difficult decision. Ultimately, you must trust yourself to make the best choice for your pet. What Is Euthanasia? […]
- WHIPWORMS – Canine - Whipworms are small parasites that can live in the large intestines of dogs and, rarely, in cats. Dogs become infected by eating the whipworm eggs in the soil, usually during grooming. Not all dogs show signs of a whipworm infection, but those that do may have diarrhea with blood and mucus, dehydration, and weight loss. […]
- WHY DO I NEED TO VACCINATE MY PET? - Vaccination is an important weapon against infectious diseases. Some diseases, like rabies, are transmissible to humans, so protecting your pets also protects your family members and community. Pets that stay indoors also can be exposed to infectious diseases, so even indoor cats can benefit from vaccinations. Vaccines are safe and generally well tolerated by most […]
- WINTER HAZARDS AND YOUR DOG – Canine - Winter can be hazardous for dogs, and it is important to be aware of the dangers to keep your pet healthy. There are indoor and outdoor winter threats to dogs, especially around the holiday season. What You Need to Know As the temperatures outside start to get lower and you prepare for colder weather, it […]
- XYLITOL TOXICOSIS – Canine - Xylitol is a sugar substitute that is safe for people but can cause low blood sugar and liver damage in dogs. Toxic effects of xylitol in dogs can occur within 10 to 15 minutes, but may be delayed up to a few days. If you suspect that your dog has eaten a product containing xylitol, […]
- YOUR PET’S PRESCRIBED DIET - If your pet is on a prescribed diet, keeping him or her on that diet is essential for the best possible health and quality of life. Your veterinarian has carefully selected your pet’s prescribed diet based on his or her specific needs, so this food should not be changed. Please order refills of your pet’s […]
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